Paper Chromatography Experiment Report

Paper Chromatography Experiment Report Introduction This is just one of the simple ways of identifying unknown compounds and separate mixtures. It is a separation technique that works based on the compound interactions as those compounds tend to move within a supporting medium. The compounds interact in two phases which are the mobile and stationary phase. The technique helps in analyzing, identifying, purifying and quantifying unknown separable mixtures. The mobile phase is either a liquid or gas which moves the solvent through the stationary phase during the process. The stationary phase is a liquid or solid component that is fixed in a place for the procedure. Paper chromatography works majorly on capillary attractions. The capillary attraction which depends on adhesive and cohesive forces allows the mobile phase to move up the stationary phase due to created surface tension interaction from the forces. The major types are the paper chromatography, thin layer, gas chromatography, column chromatography, High performance liquid chromatography, paper chromatography, thin layer chromatography. There are several applications of paper chromatography and other main types of chromatography techniques. This technique is applicable in Pharmaceutical industries, hospitals, forensic science, environmental science and manufacturing plants. This report describes the experiment conducted using paper chromatography to identify an unknown mixture. This will be done by comparing four known amino acids with the two unknown mixtures to identify the unknown mixtures. The experiment will also help master the technique and be able to analyze the movements made by both unknown mixtures and the known amino acids. Materials Gloves, goggles, lab coat, filter paper, toothpick, ninhydrin solution, mixtures to be identified and known amino acids. Methods The laboratory procedures entail different steps that eventually lead to identification of the unknown mixtures. This procedure is divided majorly into stationary phase preparation, mobile phase preparation and chromatograph development. For the stationary phase preparation, the required markings are made on the paper for identification and creation of baseline. The baseline marks are the 1.7cm from the shorter left edge and 1.0cm from the bottom of longer edge. Known amino acid symbols are mark on the paper. Spotting of the known four amino acids and two unknown mixtures are then done using separate toothpicks which will help prevent contamination. Mobile phase preparation was done pouring 10ml of solvent mixture in a 400ml of Berzelius beaker while the chromatography development was done after the filter paper is already dried. Data and Results The solvent distance and spot distance were measured for all the points on the paper. The results is shown in the table below. Amino Acids Solvent distance Spot distance Rf Ury 7.30 1.7 4.29 Gly 7.30 1.5 4.86 Ale 7.30 4.2 1.27 Leu 7.30 1.8 4.05 Unknown 1 7.30 1.7 4.29 Unknown 2 7.30 1.3 5.6 Picture showing the reactions, the spots of unknown mixtures and known amino acids Discussion/Analysis The collected data includes the solvent distance, and spot distance. The data was then used to calculate the presented R f results. The results clearly show the relationship of the unknown mixtures to the known amino acids. Analysing the colour of one of the mixture (the unknown mixture at spot 5) compared to the known amino acids especially the arginine, it was noted that they are more of the same purple colour. The findings of this experiment in terms of spots colour and Rf results shows that only one of the two unknowns is identified to be arginine. So it can be concluded that the first unknown mixture is an arginine amino acid or contain arginine amino acid as a component. The second unknown at spot 5 is not similar to any other known amino acids hence can’t be identified as same. It still remains unknown, but closer to glycine in identity. However, it can be considered to be glycine because of the difference in retention factor and slight difference in colour. Conclusions The findings of this paper chromatography experiment clearly shows the importance of paper chromatography in helping to identify unknown amino acids or analyze any other relevant mixtures that has properties of being separated by the paper. The theory of adhesion and cohesion plays an important part in the separation. The effects of the mobile and stationary phases are

The World Of Trade And Business, The Industrial Revolution...

Name Institution Course Unit Lecturer Date Introduction In the world of trade and business, the industrial revolution is a period in which most of the modern global economic superpowers established their foundation. This was a period between the 18th and the 19th centuries in which rural, agrarian societies in America and Europe were transformed and became urban and industrial. Prior to this period that began in Britain; the manufacturing was mainly done in homes through hand tools and other basic machines that were not widely in use (MacLeod). The period of industrialization marked the beginning of a shift to power, specialized machinery, mass production and factories. Among other industries, the iron and textile industries played a major role assisted by the development of the steam engine. These developments saw the improvement of transportation, banking and communication (Hillstrom). Despite the restrictions that had been placed on the artisans and other shareholders in Britain to avoid a situation where industrial knowledge was leake d to other countries, her interests in colonies opened up avenues through information and knowledge moved to other regions such as America. Factors leading to industrialization in America The embargo of 1807 The embargo of 1807 is one of the key reasons that led to America rethinking her approach on development. During the Napoleonic wars, British navy seized an American cargo to assist in their fight. In addition, Britain opened fire onShow MoreRelatedIndustrial Revolution Essay1152 Words   |  5 PagesSlavery, new energy sources, global trade, and technology all contributed to Britain’s Industrial Revolution.  Jane Burbank and Frederick Cooper emphasize the importance of slavery for the development of the Industrial revolution and capitalism. However, as  James Carter, Richard Warren, and Robert Marks demonstrate, global trade and new technology were just as important factors as slavery  because  they increased both the efficiency of production and demand for British-made goods. Carter and WarrenRead MoreIndustrialization During The Industrial Revolution1577 Words   |  7 PagesIndustrialization – ever changing the face and heartbeat of our society and the wor ld in which we live – since the Industrial Revolution began in Britain (from 1760 until sometime between 1820 and 1840). The improvement of business acquisitions and evolution of trade were essential to the Industrial Revolution. Most of the British population lived in the countryside, in small villages, and interacted closely within their family unit and work. Industrialization, however, drastically altered theRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution : A Social Change1279 Words   |  6 Pagestechnological change brings about a social change. The Industrial revolution saw many people displaced from their land, finding work in crowded city factories. Serfdom was abolished and the population shifted from villages to the cities. Strong family ties, self-sufficiency and the right to occupy land were replaced with uncertain tenancy of land, dependency on trade and a weakening of the family unit. Economically, goods and money abounded, and trade flourished. The merchant class profited from the wealthRead MoreThe Atlantic Slave Trade1392 Words   |  6 PagesThe Atlantic Slave Trade was a system of slavery that took place between the 16th and 19th centuries. It comprised of capturing African tribesmen and women from areas of Western and Central Africa and placing them into the colonies of the New World in North, Central, and South America. Many countries like England, Portugal, Spain, Holland, and France, had participated in enslaving the African peoples. The African slaves were used to exploit an array of commodities such coffee, cotton, rum, sugarRead MoreThe American Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century1290 Words   |  6 Pages The American Industrial Revolution began in the 1700’s and ended in the 1800’s. Most people believe that the American Industrial Revolution began when Samuel Slater brought technology from Britain to America. This t echnology allowed America to use manufacturing to quicken production. Industrial items such as the sewing machine, river boats, trains, telegraph, and mills allowed for growth in the United States. Immigrants from other countries gave the industrial growth enough workers to allowRead MoreThe Shaping Of The Modern World Essay1407 Words   |  6 Pagesof the Modern World 10/31/16  ​Question #5: The Growth and dominance of Capitalism and the Industrial Revolution transformed the world. Explain the different positions and outlooks on capitalism and the Industrial Revolution taken by Adam Smith, Karl Marx, and Friedrich Engels. ​The growth, influence, and power of the world surrounds itself around capitalism and the Industrial Revolution. Capitalism is best described as the economic and political system where different countries trade. It is the economicRead MoreThe Rise Of The Industrial Revolution Essay1160 Words   |  5 PagesA revolution is a â€Å"sudden, extreme, or complete change in the way people live, work, etc.† (Meriam-Webster). The Industrial Revolution was a shift from largely rural, handcrafted and agricultural economies to an eventual urban technology-driven economies. The revolution began in Britain in the 1700s, hit the United States in the 1800s and spread to the whole world by the 1900s. Europe and the United States were components in the products of the Industrial Revolution going viral. These two countriesRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Current Era of Globalization with the First Age of Globalization (1850s-1920s). What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Globalization in Its Current Context?1720 Words   |  7 Pagesthere is absolutely no reason for us to believe that a brighter future for the world is an impossibility. I’m going to solve the problem which is about the difference between the first and second globalization eras. From my point of view, I should stress few key points such as the reason for the beginning and ending of the two different period globalization, the driver of the two globalization, how the first and second world war affected the first and second globalization eras and the influence of technologyRead MoreWhy The British Led The Industrial Revolution1536 Words   |  7 PagesWhy the British Led the Industrial Revolution What led Great Britain to become the first country to star in the Industrial Revolution, comes down to a complex system of factors, each aspect holds a major role in the contribution in the growth in the Industrial Revolution and of Great Britain. While much is known about the happenings of the Industrial Revolution itself, less is acknowledged about the events that were direct causes of the period. Histories and economist have pointed towards severalRead More industrial revolution Essay853 Words   |  4 Pagespart of the 18th century, a new revolution gripped the world that we were not ready for (Perry, 510). This revolution was not a political one, but it would lead to many implications later in its existence (Perry, 510). Neither was this a social or Cultural Revolution, but an economic one (Perry, 510). The Industrial revolution, as historians call it, began the modern world. It began the world we live in today and our way of life in that world. It is called a revolution becau se the changes it made were

The Visigoths and the Sack of Rome

Alaric was a Visigoth king, a barbarian who has the distinction of having sacked Rome. It was not what he wanted to do: In addition to being a king of the Goths, Alaric was a Roman magister militum master of soldiers, making him a valued member of the Roman Empire. Despite his allegiance to Rome, Alaric knew he would conquer the eternal city because it had been prophesied: Penetrabis ad UrbemYou will penetrate The City Despite or to avoid his destiny, Alaric tried to negotiate peacefully with the rulers of Rome. Far from being the enemy of Rome, Alaric worked as king-maker, installing Priscus Attalus as emperor, and keeping him there despite policy disagreements. It didnt work. Ultimately, Romes refusals to accommodate a barbarian led Alaric to sack Rome on August 24, A.D. 410. Aside: An Unlucky Day for Rome Most Roman festivals began on odd-numbered days because even numbers were considered infelicitous. (The word felix means fortunate in Latin and was the agnomen the Roman dictator Sulla added to his name in 82 B.C. to indicate his luck. Infelicitous means unlucky.) August 24 is a good example of just how bad even-numbered days could be for the Roman Empire, since it was on that same day, 331 years earlier, that Mt. Vesuvius had erupted, wiping out the Campanian cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. The Sack of Rome Gothic troops destroyed most of Rome and took prisoners, including the Emperors sister, Galla Placidia. But when the appointed day had come, Alaric armed his whole force for the attack and was holding them in readiness close by the Salarian Gate; for it happened that he had encamped there at the beginning of the siege. Aug. 24, 410 A.D. And all the youths at the time of the day agreed upon came to this gate, and, assailing the guards suddenly, put them to death; then they opened the gates and received Alaric and the army into the city at their leisure. And they set fire to the houses which were next to the gate, among which was also the house of Sallust, who in ancient times wrote the history of the Romans, and the greater part of this house has stood half-burned up to my time; and after plundering the whole city and destroying the most of the Romans, they moved on.Procopius on the Sack of Rome. What Alaric Did After Sacking Rome Following the sack of Rome, Alaric led his troops south to Campania, taking Nola and Capua along the way. Alaric headed towards the Roman province of Africa where he intended to provision his army with Romes personal breadbasket, but a storm wrecked his ships, temporarily blocking his crossing. The Successor of Alaric Before Alaric could re-outfit his naval forces, Alaric I, King of the Goths, died at Cosentia. In Alarics place, the Goths elected his brother-in-law, Athaulf. Instead of heading south to Africa, under Athaulfs leadership the Goths marched north across the Alps, away from Rome. But first, as an en route parting shot, they devastated Etruria (Tuscany). Thats the gist of it. The following two pages contain more, but still abbreviated details on how Alaric tried not to sack Rome, but ultimately felt he had no alternative.Next Page. Alaric Needed a Home for the Goths Alaric, a King of the Goths and leader of other barbarians, tried means other than sacking Rome to get his way with  Honorius, the  Roman Emperor of the West  from c. 395-August 15, 423. Twice before he ultimately sacked Rome, in 410, Alaric had entered Italy with his troops, intending to fulfill his destiny, but talks and Roman promises kept the barbarians at bay. Alaric first invaded Italy in 401-403. Previously, Alaric and the Goths were settled in the province of New Epirus (modern Albania) where Alaric held an imperial office. J.B. Bury says he may have served as Magister Militum Master of Soldiers in Illyricum [See Map Sect. fG.] Bury thinks that during this time Alaric refitted his men with state-of-the-art weaponry. It isnt known what made Alaric suddenly decide to invade Italy, but he seems to have determined to find a home for the Goths in the Western Empire, possibly in the Danube provinces. Vandals and Goths vs Rome In 401, Radagaisus, another barbarian king (d. August 406) who was possibly in conspiracy with Alaric, led his Vandals across the Alps into Noricum. Honorius sent Stilicho, the son of a Vandal father and Roman mother, to deal with the Vandals, leaving a window of opportunity for Alaric. Alaric picked this moment of distraction to lead his troops into Aquileia, which he captured. Alaric then won cities in Venetia and was about to march on Milan where Honorius was stationed. However, by this time Stilicho had suppressed the Vandals. He converted them to auxiliary troops, and he took them with him to march on Alaric. Alaric marched his troops westward to the river Tenarus (at Pollentia) where he told his hesitant troops about the vision about his conquest.  Evidently  this worked. Alarics men fought against Stilicho and his Roman-Vandal troops on April 6, 402. Although there was no decisive victory, Stilicho captured Alarics family. So Alaric made a treaty with Stilicho and left Italy. Stilicho Settles With Alaric In 403, Alaric crossed the border again, to attack Verona, but this time, Stilicho clearly defeated him. Instead of pressing his lead, though, Stilicho came to an agreement with Alaric: the Goths could live between Dalmatia and Pannonia. In return for land to live on, Alaric agreed to support Stilicho when he moved to annex Eastern Illyricum. Early in 408, Alaric (following the agreement) marched to Virunum, in Noricum. From there he sent the emperor a demand for the salary of his troops. Stilicho urged Honorius to agree, so Alaric was paid and continued in service to the Western Emperor. That spring Alaric was ordered to take back Gaul from the usurper  Constantine III. Aftermath  of Stilichos Death On August 22, A.D. 408, Stilicho was beheaded for treason. In the aftermath, Roman troops started killing families of barbarian auxiliaries in Italy. 30,000 men fled to join Alaric, who was still in Noricum. Olympius, the  magister  officiorum, succeeded Stilicho and faced two unresolved issues: (1) the usurper in Gaul and (2) the Visigoths. Alaric offered to withdraw to Pannonia if the hostages  taken  earlier (remember: in the indecisive battle at Pollentia, members of Alarics family were captured) were returned and if Rome paid him more money. Olympius and Honorius rejected Alarics offer, so Alaric crossed the Julian Alps that fall. This marked  Alarics  third entry into Italy. Details of Alarics Sack of Rome Alaric was going to Rome, so, although he traversed Cremona, Bononia, Ariminum, and the Flaminian Way, he didnt stop to destroy them. Stationing his troops behind the walls, he blockaded the Eternal City, which led to hunger and disease within Rome. The Romans responded to the crisis by sending ambassadors to Alaric. The king of the Goths demanded pepper, silk, and enough gold and silver that the Romans had to strip statues and melt ornaments to pay the ransom. A peace treaty was to be made and the hostages would be released to Alaric later, but for the moment, the Goths broke the blockade and left Rome. The Senate sent Priscus Attalus to the Emperor to urge him to satisfy Alarics demands, but Honorius again refused. Instead, he ordered 6000 men from Dalmatia to come defend Rome. Attalus accompanied them, and then escaped when Alarics troops attacked, killing or capturing most of the soldiers from Dalmatia. In 409, Olympius, having fallen from favor, fled to Dalmatia, and was replaced by the duplicitous Jovius, a guest-friend of Alaric. Jovius was praetorian prefect of Italy and had been made a patrician. Acting on behalf of  Emperor Honorius, the praetorian prefect Jovius arranged peace talks with Alaric, the  Visigoth King, who demanded: 4 provinces for Gothic settlement,an annual allotment of grain, andmoney. Jovius relayed these demands to Emperor Honorius, along with his recommendation to approve. Honorius characteristically rejected the demands in insulting terms, which Jovius read aloud to Alaric. The barbarian king was outraged and determined to march on Rome. Practical concerns -- like food -- kept Alaric from immediately implementing his plan. He reduced from 4 to 2 the number of settlement provinces his Goths required. He even offered to fight  for  Rome. Alaric sent the Roman bishop, Innocent, to negotiate these new terms with  the Emperor  Honorius, in Ravenna. This time, Jovius recommended that Honorius reject the offer. Honorius concurred. Following this refusal, Alaric marched to Rome and blockaded it for a second time at the end of 409. When the Romans yielded to him, Alaric proclaimed Priscus Attalus western  Roman Emperor, with the approval of the Senate. Alaric became Attalus Master of the Foot, a position of power and influence. Alaric urged Attalus to capture the province of Africa because Rome depended on its grain, but Attalus was reluctant to use military force; instead, he marched with Alaric to Ravenna where Honorius agreed to split, but not cede the Western Empire. Honorius was ready to flee when the  Eastern Empire  sent 4000 soldiers to his aid. These reinforcements forced Attalus retreat to Rome. There he found suffering because, since the African province supported Honorius, it had refused to send grain to rebellious Rome. (This was precisely why Alaric had urged him to capture Africa.) Alaric again urged military force against Africa, but Attalus still refused even though his people were starving. Clearly, Attalus was a mistake. So Alaric successfully turned to Emperor Honorius to arrange for the removal of Attalus from office. Leaving his army at Arminum, Alaric then went to Honorius to discuss the terms of his peoples peace treaty with the Western Empire. While Alaric was away, an enemy of Alaric, although also a Goth in service to Rome, Sarus, attacked Alarics men. Alaric broke off negotiations to march on Rome. Once more Alaric surrounded the city of Rome. Once more the inhabitants of Rome came close to starvation. On August 24, 410, Alaric entered Rome through the Salarian  gate. Reports suggest someone let them in -- According to Procopius, either they had infiltrated in  Trojan Horse  style by sending 300 men disguised as slaves as gifts for the senators or they were admitted by Proba, a rich matriarch who pitied the starving people of the city who had even resorted to cannibalism. No longer feeling merciful, Alaric let his men wreak havoc, burning the Senate house, raping and pillaging for 2-3 days, but leaving the church buildings (but not the contents) intact, before setting off for Campania and Africa. They had to leave in a hurry because there was not enough food and because they needed to cross the sea before winter. Africa was Romes breadbasket, so they started out for it along the  Appian Way  towards Capua. They plundered the city of Nola and perhaps Capua, as well, and then on to the southern tip of Italy. By the time they were ready to set sail, the weather had turned; the ships that headed out sank. When Alaric fell ill, the Goths moved inland to Consentia. Edward Gibbons A.D. 476 is the traditional date for the Fall of Rome, but 410 may be a better choice because  on  August 24, 410, Rome actually fell, losing out to a barbarian invader. Sources: AD 410 The Year That Shook Rome, by Sam Moorhead and David Stuttard; Los  ANgeles: The J. Paul Getty Museum (2010)History of the Later Roman Empire: From the Death of Theodosius I to the Death of Justinian  (Volume 1) (Paperback), by J. B. Bury Alaric Study GuideAlaric and the Goths TimelineAlaric QuizIrene Hahns Review of Michael Kulikowskis  Romes Gothic Wars: From the Third Century to Alaric (Key Conflicts of Classical Antiquity.

The Characteristics of Pre-teen Aggressive Boys A Closer...

If we understand the characteristics of preteen aggressive boys, we can find ways to help these youth to be less aggressive. This was the purpose of a recent study. To this end, the characteristics of 231 boys ages 2 to 12 were assessed. The CARE2 (Seifert, 2007) was used to assess the problems, treatment needs and resiliency of this group. Youth with assaultive behaviors were compared to youth with no assaultive behaviors. Understanding their characteristics will help inform the direction that treatment needs to take. Of the entire sample, 11% were under the age of 6, 29% were between the ages of 6 and 8, while 60% were ages 9 to 12. Ninety-eight percent of the sample were from the mid- Atlantic region of the US. Eighty-four†¦show more content†¦Conclusions The assaultive boys were more than twice as likely to have attachment problems as the non-assaultive boys. Additionally, they were twice as likely to lack remorse for their victims. More than half of the assaultive boys had anger management, problem solving and social skill deficits. Significantly more of the assaultive group of boys engaged in delinquent and bullying behaviors, fire setting and school behavior problems. A greater percentage of assaultive boys came from families with histories of violence, high conflict and low warmth, and inappropriate disciplinary practices. We know that high conflict, low warmth, violence, and inappropriate discipline in the home can lead to attachment problems among children. We also know that attachment problems can be associated with problem solving, anger management and social skill deficits. These skill deficits lead to delinquency and school behavior problems. The more of these problems that a youth and his family have, the more likely a youth will continue to have serious behavior problems, such as violence. This information supports the research that youth with violent behaviors and their families have multiple problems and need multi-faceted treatment that addresses the needs of the youth and his/her family. It also points out that the domestic violence of parents is significantly related to the violence of the youth in their care. We mustShow MoreRelatedImpact of Print Media on Society10439 Words   |  42 Pageslower internalization, pressure and desire to be athletic. Although none of the hypotheses were supported, there were statistically significant changes. Contrary to expectations, the awareness measure decreased and the pressure score increased. 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United States History And Coach High School Football Essay

I’ve spent the last few years under the impression people make too big of a deal of coming out when their sexuality differs from the social norm. It’s something that people tend to over represent and kind of force onto others too often, making it slightly overbearing for those who view it differently from members of the LGBT community and their supporters. At the end of the day though, it’s a matter of both self-acceptance for those who struggle with their sexuality, and representation to help make it a less daunting and intimidating thing to be open about being different. I’m gay. I didn’t want to be for a long time, but what I’ve come to realize is that there’s no reason for me to dislike who I am. I’m an intelligent, compassionate young man. I’m funny (at times) and have ambitions and goals. I want to teach United States history and coach high school football. I want to help educate the future generations of this country. I’ve worked full time factory jobs, minimum wage part time jobs, and most of what’s in between. I enjoy sports, eSports (which I someday hope I don’t have to distinguish from sports, but that’s a conversation for another time) and spending time with my friends. I am a perfectly normal, wonderful human being†¦ and I am gay. I come from a devoutly conservative family in every imaginable way. In my family, LGBT’s are people that can be â€Å"fixed† if you just pray the gay away and get right with Jesus. I have no relationship with my biological father, andShow MoreRelatedTom Landry1138 Words   |  5 Pagescome. Whether it be high school football star, or flying combat missions with the United States Air Force. Whether it be playing collegiate football, and really excelling, or actually moving on to a professional football career. Whether it be transforming from player to coach, and leading way for years to come and different programs; Tom Landry had experienced it all. 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William High School’s board was forced to have blacks infiltrate an all-white school. The foundation of footballs great tradition was put to th e test. The public started to raise the question if the football team was going to find a way to have blacks and whites play on the same team. Gregory Allen Howard is the author behindRead MoreEssay about Leadership in â€Å"Remember the Titans†1502 Words   |  7 Pagesnamed Herman Boone and Bill Yoast and how their integration of the first desegregated football team united a segregated town through the success high school football team. This process required highly effective leadership skills. From the beginning of the movie, leadership was apparently obvious. There was a riot over the death of an African American citizen. Coach Yoast actively prevented members of his football team from entering the confrontation. When his players went to participate in the riotRead MoreThe Express1064 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican Football. Davis was a naturally talented football player, who developed from a quiet young man to become an icon for the civil rights movement that divided America in the early 1960s. Raised in poverty in Pennsylvania coal-mining country, his talent was recognized by Coach Ben Schwartzwalder who would help him turn from a high school athlete to a sporting legend. Ernie Davis was the first African-American to win the coveted Heisman Trophy, the highest accolade in American Football. Davis wasRead MoreMovie Review: Remember the Titans925 Words   |  4 PagesMovie Review: Remember the Titans In 1971, the black and white schools in Alexandria, Virginia were forced to integrate and became T.C. Williams High School. There were in the community. Above al that, the white football coach, Bill Yoast, was replaced by a black football coach, Herman Boone. There was uproar among the white players and their parents because their white head coach was being replaced. 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Although there are currently 72,788 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Football players, only the few that have the opportunity toRead MoreAfrican Americans : The Treatment Of Minority Athletes1433 Words   |  6 PagesTo begin with, Jaime Schultz constructs a vivid, open view of how filmmakers manipulated history in order to inflate coach Don Haskins progressive convictions by omitting, augmenting, and fabricating pivotal events in the historical narrative, Glory Road. This source recapitulates the nineteenth-century ideology of the †white man s burden.† This furthermore pronounces a white savior at the center of history as it unfolds, and marginalizes black athletes as they deal with the struggle for racialRead MoreCoaches And Doctors Should Take More Caution With Concussed Athletes1725 Words   |  7 Pageswith the neck and brain. Sports activities is the third leading cause for bring injuries in the United States. 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Documentation Systems And Internal Controls â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Documentation Systems And Internal Controls? Answer: Introduction The system documentation had been implied for forming the effective processing of the effective management and development of the project operations. As stated by Singh, Mindel and Mathiassen (2016), the process of integration of the organization would be implied for protecting the analysis of the operations. The following assignment had been developed for developing the profitability and development of the analysis for the Ransomware Cyber Attack in May 2017. The analysis would help in developing some solutions for the Ransomware Cyber Attack in May 2017. The analysis of the processes for the organization would help in determining the operation of the project integration. Overview of the Revenue Cycle According to Colwell (2015), revenue cycle can be evaluated as the process of initiation, generation and completion of the activities of revenue gain in the organization. The organization of Motherboards and More Pty Ltd has a specific revenue cycle that initiates with the placing of the order by their customers. The customers place their orders by the help of emails, website, or telephone. The collected orders from the warehouse would be sent to the processing in accordance to the customers data. The orders are arranged and loaded in the dock by following the alphabetical arrangement of the customers name. The authors like Ameri, Sadeh and Didehkhani (2015), have defined the deployment of the effective processing of the orders can be done in Motherboards and More Pty Ltd by the use of the sales invoice generation system. The invoice generation system would be formed for interacting with the payment initiation in the organization as all the sales process is carried on credit. The cus tomers are required for paying only after they have confirmed the quantity of the goods received by them and in this way they are required for paying for the development of the effective process of the goods (Kilic, Zaim Delen, 2015). The revenue cycle for the organization would be formed for involving the development of the effective process and integration. Identification of the Issues and Development of Control Strategies According to Long et al. (2013), the internal control weaknesses are generated due to the issues in the operations of the organization due to the internal processing errors. The issues of the internal control weaknesses for Motherboards and More Pty Ltd are issues in management of the large number of clients, unable to deliver the right orders to the clients, absence of physical tracking of the stock, and delay in operations of delivery. The issues in the development of the operations would cause the slackness in the operations of the organization. Impact of Weaknesses of Revenue Cycle of Motherboards and More The various weaknesses of Revenue Cycle of Motherboards and More Pty Ltd are issues in management of the large number of clients, unable to deliver the right orders to the clients, absence of physical tracking of the stock, and delay in operations of delivery have caused the following issues, Decrease of customer retention due to the customer management issues Fall in customer satisfaction due to absurd delivery to them Stock maintenance issues due to absence of physical tracking of the stock Control Strategy for Motherboards and More Revenue Cycle The effective control strategies for the Motherboards and More Pty Ltd to form some solutions to the issues of decrease of customer retention, customer management issues, fall in customer satisfaction, absurd delivery, stock maintenance issues, and absence of physical tracking of the stock are given below, Integration of the Enterprise Resource Planning and Customer Relation Management for improving the operations, management and completion of the processes Implementation of the Stock Management System for forming the effective management of the stocks in the organization Overview of Ransomware Attack The Ransomware Attack had been a major threat for the deployment of the operations in the organization. According to Titcomb and McGoogan (2017), the attack of Ransomware was initiated by a group of cyber criminals and hackers namely Shadow Breakers in April 2017. The attackers had used the concept of infiltrating the uncommon deployment of the malicious software for harming the organizations that uses legacy system. The WannaCry malware encrypts the files of the computer devices whose network it infiltrates (Kettley, 2017). The users would become unable to access the data and information from those file and they had to fulfil the demand of $300 by the hackers. Review of Appropriate Controls The impact of the Ransomware Attack can be controlled by implying the following control strategies and mitigation processes in Motherboards and More Pty Ltd organization, Regular Updates of Security Infrastructure: The regular updates of the inbuilt security of the network such as authorization, encryption, firewall, and authentication. The security of the organization against Ransomware Attack can be strengthened by the use of these security functions. IDS/IPS implementation: The IDS or intrusion detection system and IPS or intrusion prevention system would be implemented for forming the accurate and improved processes of the security from the Ransomware Attack on the operations of Motherboards and More Pty Ltd organization. It would detect and prevent the external access in the system of the organization. Conclusion The assignment had helped in drawing the conclusion for the analysis of the revenue cycle and development of some control strategies for the organization of Motherboards and More Pty Ltd. The analysis of the Ransomware Attack would help in critical evaluation of the process of the cyber criminal attacks and activities. The integration of the enterprise resource planning and customer relation and implementation of the stock management system would help in overcoming the issues of the revenue cycle of Motherboards and More Pty Ltd. Moreover, the Regular Updates of Security Infrastructure and IDS/IPS implementation would help in developing the effective solution to the development of the operations against the Ransomware Attack for Motherboards and More Pty Ltd. References Ameri, M., Sadeh, E., Didehkhani, H. (2015). Presenting Management Model of Relationship with Electronic Customer (e-CRM), Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty. Turkish Journal of Scientific Research. Vol, 2(2), 44-52. Carmen, R., Marius, S. (2016). Customer Loyalty Using Customer Relationship Management. Management Strategies Journal, 31(1), 285-288. Colwell, J. (2015). Tech tools to aid with revenue cycle management. Medical economics, 92(23), 54-54. Kettley, S. (2017). What is ransomware? How the global cyber attack is holding companies ransom. Express.co.uk. Retrieved 20 September 2017, from https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/science-technology/822003/ransomware-what-is-cyber-attack-Petya-virus-Wannacry-UK-Ukraine-WPP Kilic, H. S., Zaim, S., Delen, D. (2015). Selecting The Best ERP system for SMEs using a combination of ANP and PROMETHEE methods. Expert Systems with Applications, 42(5), 2343-2352. Long, C. S., Khalafinezhad, R., Ismail, W. K. W., Rasid, S. Z. A. (2013). Impact of CRM factors on customer satisfaction and loyalty. Asian Social Science, 9(10), 247. Singh, R., Mindel, V., Mathiassen, L. (2016, January). IT-Based Revenue Cycle Management: An Action Research into Relational Coordination. In System Sciences (HICSS), 2016 49th Hawaii International Conference on(pp. 3152-3161). IEEE. Titcomb, J., McGoogan, C. (2017). Cyber attack: Latest evidence indicates 'phishing' emails not to blame for global hack. The Telegraph. Retrieved 20 September 2017, from https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2017/05/15/nhs-cyber-attack-latest-authorities-warn-day-chaos-ransomware

Marketing for Strategic Decision-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Importance of Online Marketing. Answer: Introduction: The article discusses about the importance of online marketing and how the small and medium scale organizations are focusing on the online marketing for the purpose of reaching out the maximum number of consumers. In order to do so, these companies are not depending on any external marketing agency but they have their own marketing team. This has automatically helped them to be more responsive towards their target group of consumers and they can also personalize their online and digital experiences. The discussion is based on the marketing concepts as proposed by Kotler and Keller in their global edition book on marketing. Marketing concept 1: Understanding Marketing Management: According to Kotler and Keller, a good marketing can never be an accident. It is a result of a careful planning and execution. The internet has fueled the marketing process and todays consumers have become more internet friendly. As a result of which, major organizations are spending greater percentage of their marketing for the online medium only. The authors have highlighted how the big companies like BMW or American Express have also shifted their marketing paradigm from the traditional marketing to online marketing. The main intension of marketing is to identify the needs and wants of the consumers so that the company can shape their product accordingly. Internet is the best medium to reach out the consumers in the shortest possible time. The role of social media networks cannot be denied when it comes to communicating with the consumers. If the internet is used for the same of marketing the product, one can easily communicate with the target group of people. It has to be underst ood, one of the major elements of marketing is STP (Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning). This can be easily done by using the social media networks. For instance, there are pages for every genre of people. This has made it easier for the marketers to target the right group of people for their products. In the article, it has been highlighted that the traditional marketing is perhaps fading and the online marketing is taking its place. There are indeed certain vital reasons that make the marketers to think about shifting their marketing style from the traditional to the new media. Selecting the best suitable marketing and distribution channel is of the prime criterion for marketing. Selecting the right platform where the promotion and marketing would be carried on lead to the success of the marketing campaign. The new marketing has changed its pace due to technology. There are many factors that play significant roles when it comes to marketing. The two main factors are globalization and social responsibility. In order to compete with the huge competition that has increased due to globalization and free trade market, marketers have to undertake the right marketing strategies to target the right group of people. Going digital is the only means of targeting global people. The demograph ic segment has narrowed down due to the internet and it has become possible to connect with anyone at any point of time easily. Similarly, factors like poverty, pollution, climate change or wars have also created situation where it has become the primary responsibility of the big companies to be socially responsible as well. This is also another approach that the major organizations undertake for their promotional activities. Marketing concept 2: Developing Marketing Strategies and Plans: The marketplace has changed dramatically and so is the capability of the marketers. Developing marketing strategies and plans is the foremost thing when it comes to promoting a particular product or service. Marketers would also focus on the budget of the marketing. The aim is to select the right platform that can reach out the target group of people in the least possible time with the minimum budget possible. Although every company keeps 10-13% of their profit for the marketing purpose, they think of the best possible way of attracting the target group. The strategic planning includes strategic formulation and goal formulation. When it comes to investment, the role of the stakeholders of the company cannot be ignored. This is the reason that strategic planning becomes more important. From the article, it has been evident that most of the companies preferred to get their own marketing team who shall be responsible for designing and carrying out the social media marketing. Having a we bsite of the company is a must and so is the presence of the organization in the social media. The role played by the social media sites like Facebook and Twitter in recent time cannot be neglected at all. All the organizations are focusing on their social media advertising in order to attract more numbers of consumers. Marketing also takes the shape of marketing campaign as well. At many times, it is observed that many companies design a marketing campaign and then they focus on making the same campaign viral among the people. In such cases as well, the internet and the social media sites plays the major role in making the campaign successful. For the global companies, this mode of marketing can be considered as the most acceptable and the correct form of marketing. In the formulation of strategic marketing, the role of the leaders cannot be neglected. Planning the nature and the content of the marketing greatly depends on the leaders of the organization as well. They are the ones who guide the entire marketing plan and make it possible to target the right people for selling the particular product or service. The online advertising can be easily regarded as the modern advertising. The marketing and promotional technique is fast changing in terms of both art and science and internet and technology has a vital role to play in this case. The whole marketing scenario is converting virtually and the industries are taking this approach to shape their marketing activities. There are many organizations as well that depend on outsourcing their marketing tactics as well. In such cases, the marketing companies take the responsibility of marketing for the company on the lieu of money. This is also another means of carrying out the marketing activity. Howeve r, in such cases communicating each and everything with the marketing company also becomes challenging at times. This is the reason that major companies focus on setting their own marketing team internally only that would eventually help them to carry out the marketing activity without depending on other organizations. This way the companies also saves good amount of money that they can eventually use for the marketing purpose only. Conclusion: To end the discussion, it can be easily said that the promotional and the marketing techniques have changed to a large extent from the traditional Television or print advertising to the internet based virtual advertising. Every small, medium and large industries, are undertaking this mode of marketing as the scope of reaching out people is higher that too within a limited budget. The online market also gives the chance of better innovations as well, that is one of the important reasons that make it easier for the marketers to use this means of marketing for their organization. It is important to adapt to the changes and change the marketing scape accordingly in order to cope up with the changing marketing scenario. If the organizations are able to adapt the changes accordingly, then the marketing activity would be successful. The marketing pattern is changing and the companies have to adapt themselves with these changes in order to create greater domination in the market and combat a gainst the increasing competition Bibliography: Amani, H., Alamanda, D.T. and Anggadwita, G., 2015, May. Identification of customer values in telecommunication service industry: A case of postpaid cellular customers in Indonesia. InInformation and Communication Technology (ICoICT), 2015 3rd International Conference on(pp. 119-124). IEEE. Bickhoff, N., Hollensen, S. and Opresnik, M., 2014. Marketing and marketing management: A first basic understanding. InThe Quintessence of Marketing(pp. 3-15). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Heurman, M. and Paavola, J., 2015. Marketing Plan for a SME. Kim, J., Kim, K.H., Garrett, T.C. and Jung, H., 2015. The contributions of firm innovativeness to customer value in purchasing behavior.Journal of product innovation management,32(2), pp.201-213. Kotler, P. and Keller, K.L., 2013.Framework for Marketing Management: Global Edition. Pearson Higher Ed. Kotler, P., Keller, K.L., Ancarani, F. and Costabile, M., 2014.Marketing management 14/e. Pearson. Mcintyre, C., Melewar, T.C. and Dennis, C. eds., 2016.Multi-Channel Marketing, Branding and Retail Design: New Challenges and Opportunities. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Sinclair, R.N. and Keller, K.L., 2014. A case for brands as assets: Acquired and internally developed.Journal of Brand Management,21(4), pp.286-302. Vrontis, D., Thrassou, A. and Amirkhanpour, M., 2016. B2C smart retailing: A consumer-focused value-based analysis of interactions and synergies.Technological Forecasting and Social Change